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January 25, 2008
★【週刊ST】１月２５日号/解説と答え
ここでは週刊ST １月２５日号掲載のIELTS対策コラムの解説と答えを載せています。
English and World Englishes
Answers for Student Times Article １０
Selecting Factors
Questions １−３ (Keywords have been highlighted)
Which THREE of the following statements are true of Robert Gardner’s theory of student motivation?
a) The desire to gain some external reward influences learner motivation.
b) The theory was developed over ４０ years ago.
c) His research focused on local factors that influence a learner’s motivation.
d) The personality and age of a student affects motivation.
e) Motivation is not the most important aspect of a student’s approach to learning a language.
f) Motivation is influenced by a student’s feelings towards a particular group of people.
The correct answers are A, C and F (in any order).
Statement A) paraphrases the idea of Gardiner’s concept of Instrumental Motivation. The idea of ‘external reward’ is illustrated in the reading passage by “passing an examination, getting a better job, or promotion.”
Statement C) paraphrases information in the reading passage that refers to; “giving motivation a social dimension”, and “Focusing on language learners in the multicultural setting of Canada.” This information is similar in meaning to the idea of ‘local factors’ in statement C).
The reading passage refers to the “positive attitudes a learner has to the target language community and their desire to interact with members of that community or even become part of that community.” This is paraphrased in Statement F) by ‘feelings towards a particular group.’Sentence Completion
Questions １-５ (Keywords have been highlighted
Complete the sentences below using words taken from the reading passage. Use no more than THREE words for each answer. １) Mori’s research found out that integrating into a community was less important than ______________ ２) A new approach to student motivation argued by Dornyei relates to the idea of _______________ ３) The concepts of ‘the ideal self’ and ‘the ought self’ represent what students want to be and what is ___________ ４) The concept of an imaginary global community develops in learners __________ ５) Yashima claims that students appear to be motivated to study a second language if they have interests in global affairs, _________________ １) The reading passage refers to “travelling and studying overseas, rather than a desire to integrate into the target language community, were viewed as strong motivational factors in learning a second language.” This is paraphrased in 1) and the key point here is ‘was less important than’ Therefore, the correct answer is “travelling and studying” ２) For this question, you should scan the text for the word Dornyei. The keyword ‘idea’ is a paraphrase of the word ‘theory’ in the reading passage. Likewise, ‘new approach’ is a paraphrasing of ‘new conceptualisation’ The correct answer is “self and identity” ３) The keywords ‘the ideal self’ and ‘the ought self’ are taken from the passage while the expression ‘want to be’ is a paraphrase of “would like to be” So, the correct answer is “expected of them” ４) ‘Imaginary global community’ is paraphrased in the text by ‘an imagined community’ and the term ‘concept’ is similar in meaning to ‘perspective’ The correct answer is therefore “an imagined identity” ５) Scanning the text for the name Yashima will help you locate the specific area quickly. The term ‘global affairs’ is a paraphrase of ‘international issues’ so the correct answer is “work and activities” 週刊ST掲載コラムに関するご意見･ご感想はこちらまで
By scanning the text for the keywords (or paraphrase) in the questions, you are able to find the specific area. Scanning for people’s names should not take you much time. Then you can read in detail in order to complete the missing information.
E-mail: tokyo@ilc-japan.com